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. História das Palavras Cruzadas
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| O jornal "The Minneapolis Journal" |
O mistério dos jogos do "Minneapolis Journal"
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Na primeira fase de redação desta História das Palavras Cruzadas, um fato intrigante aconteceu durante a pesquisa de jogos no eBay. Segundo a história oficial do passatempo, somente o jornal nova-iorquino The World havia publicado o passatempo, de 21 de dezembro de 1913 até um período próximo ao lançamento do primeiro livro de palavras cruzadas, The Cross-Word Puzzle Book, que iniciou o modismo do passatempo. O livro saiu em 10 abril de 1924. Outros jornais já estariam publicando o jogo, então, sem muito sucesso. Eis o fato intrigante: um vendedor de jornais antigos anunciava no eBay a venda de vários volumes encadernados com as edições diárias do Minneapolis Journal, supostamente contendo jogos de palavras cruzadas. Os jogos remontariam até 1915. As informações pareciam muito consistentes para serem atribuídas a um erro do vendedor. |
| O "Minneapolis Journal" em 1918 |
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Alguns exemplos dos volumes então à venda no eBay, com as informações pertinentes em negrito: MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; May, 1915, approx, 27 daily papers. May 3, sports photo of Red Watson. May 5, sports 2c; ERTLE HANDS COULON A BEATING, WHITE GIVES E. MURPHY K.O., CLABBY BEATS McCOY. May 6, sports 2c; FRENCH BOCXING CHAMPION KILLED ON BATTLE FRONT. May 11, spports 1c; MIKE PAULSON BEATS HASKELL. No issues May 7-9. May 18, sports 1c; YOAKUM AND BRITTON WIN BOXING BATTLES. May 19, 1c; BALDWIN HOLDS RITCHIE TO DRAW. Daily comics; Asthma Simpsin, S'Matter Pop. May 26, sports 1c; SNEAK BOXING BLAMED FOR DEATH. Sunday comics; color fulls; Hans und Fritz, four, one has a small bottom margin crack. Lady Bountiful, four. One color fulls; Hawkshaw the Detective, one with crack. Halfs; The Newlyweds, Mr. Hubby. Crossword, there are two Sunday crossword puzzles. Papers are fine overall. Bids start at $25.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Jan, 1916, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. One of the best known and exciting of the old Minneapolis newspapers, local and regional news along wioth hundreds of vintage 1916 ads. trip back in time to when the streets were mostly unpaved and horses were still seen on the streets of Minneapolis. The raging war in Europe, daily battelefield reports. Daily comics; T'Was Ever Thus, Somebodys Always Taking the Joy Out Of life, Toonerville folks, variety form day to day. JOE WALCOTT IN GREAT BATTLE. Page 4, c; GIBBON'S RECORD BETTER THAN AHEARN'S, photos of Johnny Ertle, Young Otto Wallace. Jan 2, p8, half page ad for "THE BIRTH OF A NATION, D. W. Griffith's epic and controversial movie. Inside page 5, ad for HARDEEN, KING OF THE HANDCUFFS, escape artist. The Sunday papers have an early CROSSWORD PUZZLE, "Fun's Crossword Puzzle", five Sundays. Jan 4, sports 2c; GIBBONS WILL DEMAND SIDE BAT BY AHERN. Jan 6, sports 1c; ILLNESS FATAL TO LEONARD "KING" COLE. Jan 8, sports 2c; HOMMEY HAS IT ON WALLACE IN RECORDS. Local and regional HOCKEY. Jan 9, almost full page ad for THE BIRTH OF AS NATION. Jan 16, sports full; BIG SIDE WAGER IS MADE ON RING BOUT, photos of Gibbons and Ahearn. Jan 18, sports full; TIME OF BATTLE DRAWS NEAR AND NOT A PACIFIST IN SIGHT. Jan 19, full; DESPITE THE OLE WHEEZE THE STRONG FREQUENTLY WIN BATTLES, Gibbons Knocks Ahearn Out In Opening Round, photo shows Ahearn flat on his back. Jan 23, sports page, 3C; STAGE ALL SET FOR BOXING AT ARMORY TUESDAY NIGHT, photos of Hommey and Wallace. Jan 24, sports 2c; JACK MONROE, OF RING FAME, HAS RIGHT ARM SHOT OFF IN EUROPE. Jan 26, sports 2c; WALLACE, SAFRO, MOORE AND PAULSON WIN IN ARMORY RING BATTLES. Jan 30, sports 3c; ALL-STAR BOXING CARDS THE RAGE IN THE TWIN CITIES, photo of Johnny O'Leary. Papers have some browning but are fine overall, wrap around binding. Bids start at $35.00.
THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Sep, 1918, approx. 30 daily and Sunday papers. A chronicle of Minneapolis in the the mast months of the Great War. The Germans are in a state of near collapse as the Allied forces continue to advance against them. Many fine automobile, motion picture ads. HAIG CRACKS GERMAN'S FAMOUS WOTAN LINE. GERMANS RETREAT ON 50 MILE FRONT. Daily comics; The Gumps, The Big Little Family, When A Feller Needs a Friend. FRANCO AMERICAN FORCES HIT FOR FLANK. Sep 6, sports, 2c; RUTH IS VICTOR IN FIRST SERIES GAME OVER VAUGHN. Sep 7, sports, 1c, CUBS TURN THE TABLES ON THE RED SOX, Sep 8, sports page is damaged. AMERICANS START BIG OFFENSIVE. Sep 12, sports page 2c. BOSTON TRIMS CUBS IN SIXTH GAME AND TAKE TITLE. The end of Professional baseball until the end of the war. There is one crossword puzzle in the first Sunday paper. These are slightly browning, a tad fragile, a couple of tape marks here and there. Sound cloth and board binding. Bids start at $25.00.
THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Dec, 1918. One of the best of the old Minneapolis papers, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. Engaging and lively news coverage. The war in Europe had just ended and the boys were being sent home in boat loads to resume their lives as before. Dec 1, full; ALLIES READY TO ASK KAISER'S EXTRADITION. Dec 1, sports page; HANLON FIRST TO PUT CORBETT DOWN. Daily comics; The Days of Real Sport, The Gumps, The Big Little Family. Celebrate our rich film heritage with the many illustrated motion picture ads. Daily New York Styck Exchange quotes and financial news. Dec 1, p4; FOUR YEARS OF WAR FROM VIEWPOINT OF WINSTON CHURCHILL. Dec 4, full; PRESIDENT WILSON SAILS FOR FRANCE. First Troops Land In New York, the boys come marching home. Dec 8, p9, THE REVEALING THE MYSTERY OF THE MAGIC SQUARE FOUND IN INDIA. Crossword puzzles, three Sunday papers have wonderful 1918 vintage crossword puzzles. The papers are browning but sound overall. The cloth and board binding is the unique wrap-around style. Bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Feb., 1919, approx. 28 daily and Sunday papers. The months following the conclusion of WWI or The Great War. Optimism in the United States and hope for better times after the war. Daily comics; The Big Little Family, Can You Beat It, Some of the best motion picture ads we have encountered, automobile ads. Historic old Fort Snelling. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes. No Feb 9 issue. AUTOMOBILE SHOW. No issue Feb 19. Crossword puzzles, three of the Sunday papers have a crossword puzzle offering, very early for this sort of thing. These papers are browning but in fine shape overall. Sound cloth and board binding. Bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; March, 1919, approx. 31 daily and Sunday newspapers. The trading and aquisition of players in the weeks before the opening of the baseball season of 1919. Daily comics; Daddy's Boy, The Big Little Family, The Gumps, The Days of Real Sport, Little Mary Mixup. Historical pieces on the FISK Expeditions, records long lost reveal the details, With The Rough Riders. Sunday color comics; fulls; The Captain and the Kids. Halfs; Poor Mr. W, The Teenie Weenies. Almost full color fulls; Hawkshaw the Detective, Polly. There are fine sections, the first one has a little right margin fraying. Crossword puzzles, there are five early and interesting crossword puzzle challenges, one each Sunday. Papers have some slight browning, the case is coming loose from the contents. The first issue has a little fraying on the right margin, otherwise fine. Bids start at $35.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; May, 1919, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers, a classic of old Minneapolis, the year following the close of the Great War, prosperous times, soldiers coming back to their old jobs. May 1, photo of thre entire 151st Artillery. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes and financial news coverage. Daily comics; The Gumps, The Day of Rest, The Big Little Family. The bast and most graphic 1919 movie ads we have encountered, Sessue Hayakawa, "A Heart in Pawn." May 4, almost full page; "The Unpardonable Sin", Blanche Sweet. Sunday comics; color fulls; The Captain and the Kids. Halfs; Chub's Big Brother, Teenie Weenies, there are four comics sections; CROSSWORD PUZZLES; the Sunday papers have a rare and early crossword puzzle offering, there are four. Papers have some browning but are sound and easy to handle. Good and sound cloth and board binding. Bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Aug, 1919, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. Minneapolis in the year following the close of WWI, soldiers back home resuming their lives as civilians. A time of great promise and hope. The situation in Russia and Germany was terrible, clashing factions. Daily comics; It Happens in the Best Families, The Gumps, Little Mary Mixup. Aug 2, BELA KUN QUITS; HUNGARY SUES FOR PEACE. Revisiting the battlefields of France, ghastly scenes of mounds of bones of the lost men of the French and German armies. Baseball, daily coverage of the Major League games along with minor action. Aiug 3, sports page; photos of Babe Ruth and George Sisler, Ruth is called a "hitting, pitching and fielding demon." Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes and other financial news. A wide variety of automobile ads, motion picture ads. Aug 17, sports full; COBB AND CRAVATH TOP MAJOR BATTERS. Aug 17, sports page; CICOTTE PITCHING KING AFTER 14 YEARS IN GAME. Crossword puzzles, four Sunday crossword puzzle offerings. Very early crossword puzzle material. Papers are browning, a few pages have minor margin flaking. One page of the last issue is missing, the cloth and board binding is sound. Bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; September, 1919, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. A spectacular paper with many full width headlines. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes and financial news coverage. Baseball, daily coverage of the Major League games with the Pennant races heating up as the end of the season approaches. Daily comics; The Gumps, The Big Little Family, When a Feller Needs a Friend. Sep 7, full page ad for THE PALMS, CAFETERIA, the finest in Minneapolis, interior views. Sep 7, sports story; 14 YEARS AGO TYRUS COBB STARTED AS A MAJOR LEAGUER. Sep 7, full page color illustration by Howard Chandler Christy, "Love Memories." There is a Sunday paper crossword puzzle offering, very early material. There are four puzzles, one is partly completed. These issues are browning but in good shape overall. A few margin tape marks or miniscule flakes here and there. Sound cloth and board binding. Bids start at $25.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Oct, 1919, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. Local and regional news. Oct 1, sports full; CINCINATTI IN FRENZY AS WORLD SERIES BEGINS, Pat Moran Sends Reuther Against Cicotte in First. Photos of Eddie Cicotte, Walter Reuther. Oct 2, sports, 2c, RED FANS SEE TITLE WITH CICOTTE ROUTED IN FIRST, 9 TO 1. Oct 3, sports, 2c; WILLIAMS' WILDNESS WITH GREAT DEFENSE BY MORANS COSTS HOSE SECOND IN ROW. Oct 4, sports, 2c; WEE DICKIE KERR'S GREAT HURLING GIVES WHITE SOX VICTORY IN THIRD CONTEST. Oct 5, sports full; CINCINATTI DEFEATS SOX, NEARS TITLE. Oct 6, sports page, 2c; SOX, WITH BACKS TO WALL, FIGHT TODAY TO CUT ODDS BEFORE RETURN TO REDLAND. Oct 7, sports, 2c; CHICAGO'S HOPE VANISHES AS GLEASONS FALL BEFORE ELLER'S SUPERB PITCHING. Oct 8, sports, 2c; GLEASONS, IN GREAT UPHILL BATTLE, ROUT RUETHER; SLUG RING FOR VICTORY IN TENTH. Photos of Jackson, Schalk, Weaver. Oct 9, sports, 2c; CHICAGOES, FIGHTING LIKE BULLDOGS, AGAIN BEAT REDS, CICOTTE GETS REVENGE. Oct 10, sports; CINCINATTI GIVES CHAMPIONS WILD WELCOME, Reds Take World Title By Routing Williams in First Inning. The Sunday papers have a crossword puzzle offering. Papers are browning and need care in handling. here and there one will find tiny tape marks on old margin cracks. A tiny margin crack here and there. These are good and presentable issues in a sound cloth and board binding. bids start at $39.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; November, 1919, approx. 30 daily and Sunday papers. A chronicle of the exciting times after the Great War, hope and regeneration as the soldiers came home to friends and families. College and high school football action stories, photos. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes and other financial news. Daily comics; The Gumps, Can You Beat It? Little Mary Mixup. Nov 2, sports; MCGRAW MAY WRECK GIANTS MACHINE. Sunday comics; color fulls; The Gumps. Almost full color; Hawkshaw the Detective, The Captain and the Kids. Five sections. PAPER DOLLS; two half page, color, per week, Nov 2; Trained Nurse, The Dancer. Nov 9, Debutante, Soldier. Nov 16; Sailor and Bride. Nov 23, Grandmother and Momma's Angel Child. Several outfits for each doll. Crossword; there are four Sunday papers with a crossword puzzle. Fine papers with slight browning, sound binding. Bids start at $35.00. November 1919 Minneapolis Journal, approx 30 daily and Sunday papers. College and high school football action stories, photos. Daily New York stock exchange quotes and other financial news. Daily comics-The Gumps, Can you Beat It?, Little Mary Mixup. Nov 2 sports-McGraw may wreck Giants machine. Sunday comics: color fulls-The Gumps, almost full color-Hawshaw the Detective, The Captain and the Kids, 5 sections, Crossword in 4 sunday papers, full page Howard Chandler Christie: painting of his wife, 3 other really nice paintings. Fine papers with slight browning, sound binding. Payment in money order or check. Postage Ups-bidder pays actual cost. Thanks for looking at my auction and good luck. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; March, 1920, approx. 31 daily and Sunday papers. the exciting years of Prohibition and the "Roaring-20s" in Minnepaolis. Local people and events in the news. Daily comics; The Gumps, When a Feller Needs a Friend, The Big Little Family. A host of movie and automobile ads. The political situation in Europe was anything but settled, Germany and Russia in the throes of revolution. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes. Sunday comics; color fulls; Mr. and Mrs. The Gumps. Almost full color; Hawkshaw the Detective, The Captain and the Kids. There are four of each. Crossword Puzzles, there are four of these early crossword puzzles, in the Sunday papers. Papers have browning but are fine overall. Bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Apr, 1920, approx. 30 daily and Sunday papers. The days of the "Roaring-20s" and Prohibition. The opening of the baseball season of 1920. Daily comics; The Gumps, The Big Little Family. Daily New York Stock Exchange quotes and financial markets news. Apr 4, great FULL PAGE ad for the Mary Pickford performance in "Pollyanna". Apr 15, sports page mention of Babe Ruth's first regular season game with the Yankees. Sunday comics; color fulls; Mr. and Mrs., The Gumps. Almost full color, Hawkshaw the Detective, The Captain and the Kids. There are four sections. The four Sunday papers have a CROSSWORD PUZZLE challenge. Very early crossword puzzles. Papers have some slight browning, sound and relatively easy to handle. Cloth and board binding, bids start at $29.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Aug, 1920, approx. 30 daily and Sunday newspapers. Minneapolis in the "Roaring-20s" and in the days of Prohibition. The nation was in a high state of optimism as the soldiers were home and business was booming. The Sunday papers have a rare and early crossword puzzle challenge. Daily New Yortk Stoick Exchange quotes and financial news. Daily baseball coverage. Daily comics; The Gumps, The Big Little Family. Aug 17, p1, 1c; PLAYER CHAPMAN, CLEVELAND STAR, HIT BY BALL, DIES, Struck By May's' Fast Curve. A tiny tape mark on the bottom of the page. The passing of Roy Chapman brings sadness to professional baseball. These papers are browning but are in a fine shape overall. Sound cloth and board binding. Bids start at $29.00. No issue Aug 18. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; September, 1920, approx. 30 daily and Sunday papers. A wonderful volume of papers. Minn. in the prosperous years after the Great War, the "Roaring 20s" and Prohibition. An ineffective law which lost the government billions in tax reveune. Daily comics; Colonel Cootie, When A Feller Needs a Friend, The Big Little Family, The Gumps. Sep 5, sports; RUTH AND WERDEN WHOSE RECORD HE BROKE, Babe Ruth hits 45 homers in a single season-a record. The Sunday papers have a crossword puzzle challenge, three of the Sunday papers have it. Sep 16, full; TWENTY KILLED IN WALL STREET EXPLOSION. The big season for Babe Ruth, his first with New York, daily coverage of the major games in the last days of the season. Sep 21, sports, BABE RUTH SMASHES ONE MORE COBB MARK. 1c; TRIAL OF ALLEGED FIXED CAME WILL START TOMORROW. Sep 22, sports, 1c; BAN AND COMMY TESTIFY BEFORE CHICAGO JURORS. Sep 23, sports; BENTON ACCUSES HERZOG AND CHASE OF TRYING TO FIX HIM. Sep 25, sports full; BASEBALL SCANDAL SHOWS NEED OF NEW LAW. Sep 26, sports, 1c; JURORS TO HEAR MYSTERY WOMAN'S STORY. Sep 27, p1, 1c; SOX OWNER THOUGHT 1919 SERIES FIXED. Sep 28, p1, 1c; EIGHT WHITE SOX PLAYERS INDICTED IN SERIES SCANDAL, Conspiracy to Do Illegal Act. Sep 29, p1, full; GAMBLERS INDICTED FOR BRIBING WHITE SOX. Papers have browning but remain durable and in a sound state of preservation. Original binding. Sunday comics; color fulls; The Gumps, Mr. and Mrs. Two color fulls; Hawkshaw the Detective, The Captain and the Kids, four sections, first section has a small crack on page 1. Bids start at $45.00. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL; Nov, 1920, approx. 30 daily papers. A classic of old Minneapolis in the first year oof the "Roaring-20s"and Probibition. In the post-war years, it seemed that the fun would never end. Daily New York Stock exchange quotes and financial news. The college level football games are covered. Daily comics; The Gumps, Golf, Kernel Kootie. Little Mary Mixup, Can You Beat It, When a Feller Needs a Friend. Nov 3, full; HARDING AND COOLIDGE SWEEP COUNTRY. The original "cool man," takes the White House. Crossword, there are four dandy SUNDAY crossword puzzles in this volume. The issues are sound, some browning. The wrap-around binding is most attractive and useful. The first issue of the volume is worn. Bids start at $35.00
Obviamente, havia alguma lacuna importante na história do passatempo. E o volume de janeiro de 1916 contava com uma pista fundamental: The Sunday papers have an early CROSSWORD PUZZLE, "Fun's Crossword Puzzle", five Sundays (As edições de domingo têm um jogo de palavras cruzadas primitivo, "Jogo de Palavras Cruzadas do Fun", nos cinco domingos). Fun era o título do suplemento do jornal nova-iorquino The World onde foram publicados os primeiros jogos de palavras cruzadas. Uma troca de mensagens eletrônicas com o editor de palavras cruzadas do New York Times, Will Shortz, maior autoridade mundial na história do passatempo, resolveu o problema e revelou uma informação até então inédita no meio, que combinava com as informações do vendedor: desde o primeiro jogo, em 21 de dezembro de 1913, o Minneapolis Journal oferecia ao leitor as mesmas cruzadas do World. Não só isso: outros órgãos da mesma cadeia jornalística também publicavam o suplemento de curiosidades e brincadeiras com os jogos de Arthur Wynne. |
| A revista de domingo |
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O link abaixo leva a imagens de uma revista dominical do jornal The World, na qual eram publicados os mesmos jogos da revista de domingo do Minneapolis Journal.
Os links abaixo dão acesso a imagens e notícias do Minneapolis Journal, em edições de 1918.
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Site
. Home page, página inicial do site Roteiro Romanceado
. História das Palavras Cruzadas
. Cruzadismo